International Material Cross-Reference & Equivalency
Cross-reference designations across national and international standards (ASTM/UNS, EN/DIN Werkstoff, JIS, ISO, GB). Comparable does not mean equivalent. Engineering substitutions must account for differing impurity limits, testing protocols, and mechanical tolerances.
International standard designations are established by distinct standards bodies with differing testing standards (e.g. ASTM E8 vs ISO 6892-1). Even when chemical compositions overlap, allowable trace impurities (such as phosphorus, sulfur, or iron), grain size requirements, temper nomenclature, and minimum elongation criteria can differ.
Never authorize a structural alloy substitution without verifying the governing procurement specification, temper, ruling section size, and environmental compatibility.
Relationship Classification Governance
Show All TypesIdentical chemical composition and mechanical requirements across different naming authorities.
Rule: Direct 1:1 dual specification permissible subject to certified mill test reports (MTR).Officially recognized counterpart in another national or international engineering standard (e.g. ASTM to EN).
Rule: Chemical limits or testing protocols may have subtle differences (e.g. tighter P/S ceilings or impact requirements). Engineering review required before substitution.Substantially identical chemistry and overlapping mechanical envelope, but slight variations in allowable trace elements or testing protocols exist across governing standards.
Rule: Direct commercial substitution is generally permissible subject to certified Mill Test Report (MTR) confirmation for critical applications.Similar base alloy chemistry and general functional properties, but noticeable divergence in allowable impurity ceilings, cold-work response, or minimum yield requirements.
Rule: Engineering substitution review required. Design calculations must verify temper, formability, and corrosion limits before specifying as a direct replacement.Similar base chemistry and functional performance envelope, but not officially harmonized by standards organizations.
Rule: Comparable does not mean equivalent. Heat treatment response and dimensional tolerances may diverge.Close metallurgical alternative when the primary grade is unavailable or obsolete.
Rule: Design parameters (weldability, hardenability, fatigue limit) must be re-evaluated for the specific application.Frequently evaluated side-by-side during trade-off studies or alloy selection.
Rule: Materials serve different design priorities (e.g. higher strength vs superior corrosion resistance or cost).Materials superficially mistaken for equivalents that exhibit critical metallurgical incompatibilities.
Rule: DO NOT SUBSTITUTE without full engineering re-qualification.| Source Alloy (UNS) | Relationship Type | Target Grade / Standard | Engineering Scope & Nuance | Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C14500 Tellurium CopperFree-Machining Copper | Commonly Compared | C11000 ETP CopperConfidence: HIGH | C14500 provides 85% machinability rating and 93% IACS conductivity for high-speed CNC turning, whereas C11000 provides 101% IACS but only 20% machinability rating. | |
| C14500 Tellurium CopperFree-Machining Copper | Commonly Compared | C36000 Free-Cutting BrassConfidence: HIGH | C14500 offers 93% IACS electrical conductivity with 85% machinability rating, whereas C36000 offers 100% machinability but only 28% IACS conductivity. | |
| C26000 Cartridge Brass 70/30Cartridge Brass | Commonly Compared | C36000 Free-Cutting BrassConfidence: HIGH | C26000 (Cartridge Brass 70/30) is a single-phase alpha brass with the highest cold-ductility of all brasses, ideal for deep-drawing. C36000 is an alpha-beta leaded brass engineered specifically for automatic screw machining (100% machinability rating vs 30% for C26000). | |
| C26000 Cartridge Brass 70/30Cartridge Brass | Commonly Compared | C26800 Yellow Brass 66%Confidence: HIGH | C26000 (70/30) provides maximum deep-drawing cold ductility; C26800 (66/34) is an economical commercial alternative for shallow drawing and stamping. | |
| C26000 Cartridge Brass 70/30Cartridge Brass | Commonly Compared | C28000 Muntz Metal 60/40Confidence: HIGH | C26000 is single-phase alpha brass for severe cold drawing; C28000 is two-phase duplex alpha-beta brass for hot forging and hot stamping. | |
| C36000 Free-Cutting BrassFree-Machining Brass | Commonly Compared | C26000 Cartridge Brass 70/30Confidence: HIGH | C36000 Free-Cutting Brass contains ~3% lead for optimal 100% machinability rating and chip breaking in turning operations. C26000 Cartridge Brass contains no lead and provides superior cold drawing and stamping capability. | |
| C36000 Free-Cutting BrassFree-Machining Brass | Commonly Compared | C46400 Naval BrassConfidence: HIGH | C36000 is optimized for automated high-speed turning (100% machinability rating), whereas C46400 is optimized for marine corrosion resistance and strength (30% machinability rating). | |
| C36000 Free-Cutting BrassFree-Machining Brass | Commonly Compared | C14500 Tellurium CopperConfidence: HIGH | C36000 provides 100% machinability rating with 28% IACS conductivity, whereas C14500 provides 85% machinability rating with 93% IACS conductivity. | |
| C36000 Free-Cutting BrassFree-Machining Brass | Commonly Compared | C11000 ETP CopperConfidence: HIGH | C36000 is a leaded brass optimized for precision machining (100% rating) with tensile strength 340-470 MPa, whereas C11000 is unalloyed copper providing 101% IACS conductivity but low machinability (20%). | |
| C46400 Naval BrassNaval Brass | Commonly Compared | C36000 Free-Cutting BrassConfidence: HIGH | C46400 Naval Brass includes 0.5-1.0% tin to inhibit seawater dezincification, whereas C36000 contains ~3% lead for 100% machinability. | |
| C54400 Free-Machining Phosphor Bronze (B-2)Phosphor Bronze | Commonly Compared | C51000 Phosphor Bronze 5% AConfidence: HIGH | C54400 Free-Machining Phosphor Bronze (80% machinability rating) contains lead for screw machine bearings and bushings, whereas C51000 is un-leaded for stamped springs. | |
| C54400 Free-Machining Phosphor Bronze (B-2)Phosphor Bronze | Commonly Compared | C36000 Free-Cutting BrassConfidence: HIGH | C54400 offers bronze bearing properties, wear resistance, and fatigue endurance with 80% machinability, whereas C36000 offers 100% machinability in general brass turning. |